بهینه‌سازی ریزازدیادی دو گونه‌ چویل (Ferulago subvelutina Rech.f. and Ferulago angulata (Schlecht) Boiss) در معرض خطر انقراض و بومی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه گیاهان زینتی، پژوهشکده علوم گیاهی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران

3 نویسنده مسئول، دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

گیاه دارویی چویل (Ferulago ssp.) متعلق به تیره چتریان و بومی ایران است. گونه ­های این جنس به­ دلیل خواب بذر، برداشت بی­رویه و تنش ­های محیطی از قبیل خشکسالی به ­شدت در معرض انقراض هستند. با در نظر گرفتن این گیاه به­ عنوان یک گیاه دارویی-مرتعی ارزشمند، تولید و احیای آن امری ضروری محسوب می­شود. این تحقیق با هدف بهینه ­سازی ریزازدیادی دو گونه بومی چویل شامل Ferulago angulata و Ferulago subvelutina انجام شد. بیشترین درصد پینه­ زایی در گونه F. angulata (100 درصد) با کاربرد ریزنمونه ریشه‌چه (تحت تیمارهایmg/L NAA 1 + mg/L BAP0، mg/L NAA 5/1 + mg/L BAP0، mg/L NAA 2 + mg/L BAP0) و نیز ریزنمونه برگ حقیقی (تحت تیمارهای mg/L NAA 5/0 + mg/L BAP5/0، mg/L NAA 2 + mg/L BAP1) و در گونه F. subvelutina با کاربرد ریزنمونه برگ حقیقی (تحت تیمارهای mg/L NAA 5/0 + mg/L BAP5/0،mg/L NAA 2 + mg/L BAP1) به ­ترتیب به میزان 33/72 و 66/71 درصد حاصل شد. به‌نحوی‌که کاربرد توأم هورمون‌های سیتوکینین و اکسین در باززایی گونه ­های چویل مؤثر واقع شد؛ به­ طوری­که بیشترین باززایی در گونه F. angulata به ­ترتیب با مقدار 33/53 و 66/46 درصد تحت تیمارهایmg/L NAA 2/0 + mg/L BAP5/0 و mg/L NAA 4/0 + mg/L BAP5/0 بوده و در گونه F. subvelutina با میزان 33/53 و 60 درصد به­ترتیب در تیمارهای mg/L NAA 2/0 + mg/L BAP1 و mg/L NAA 4/0 + mg/L BAP1حاصل شد. بهترین تیمار ریشه ­زایی برای هر دو گونه، محیط کشت MS2/1 شاملmg/L IBA 5/0 انتخاب شد. مرحله سازگاری در مخلوطی از خاک، خاک پیت و ماسه با نسبت وزنی 1:1:1 انجام شد که در مجموع 80 درصد از گیاهان تولیدشده از کشت بافت، در محیط بیرون با موفقیت سازگار شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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