بررسی اثر غلظت‌های مختلف تنظیم‎کننده رشد گیاهی و نوع ریزنمونه بر میزان القای کالوس، رویان‌زایی و باززایی شاخساره مرزنجوش بخارایی (Origanum vulgare ssp. gracile)

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 کارشناس ارشد گیاهان دارویی، علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

     مرزنجوش بخارایی (Origanum vulgar ssp. gracile) از گیاهان دارویی متعلق به خانواده نعناعیان (Lamiaceae) می­باشد. ترکیب غالب اسانس آن را کارواکرول تشکیل می­دهد. در این تحقیق تأثیر غلظت­های مختلف 2,4-D در ترکیب با BAP بر روی کالوس­زایی ریزنمونه­های مختلف (کوتیلدون، هیپوکوتیل، گره، نوک شاخه و برگ) گیاه مرزنجوش بخارایی بررسی شد. اثر متقابل نوع محیط کشت در نوع ریزنمونه در سطح احتمال 1 درصد معنی­دار شد. در ریزنمونه برگ حداکثر القای کالوس (100 درصد) در تیمارهای 1 و 3 میلی‌گرم در لیتر 2,4-D و در ریزنمونه گره در تیمار 3 میلی‌گرم در لیتر 2,4-D حداکثر درصد القای کالوس (3/93 درصد) مشاهده شد. تیمار 1/0 میلی‌گرم در لیتر BAP کمترین میزان القای کالوس (صفر درصد) را در ریزنمونه برگ نشان داد. بیشترین درصد تولید کالوس رویان­زا در محیط کشت MS حاوی 1 میلی‌گرم در لیتر 2,4-D در ترکیب با 1/0 میلی‌گرم در لیتر BAP در ریزنمونه نوک شاخه به‎دست آمد و کمترین میزان در محیط کشت MS بدون تنظیم‎کننده­ رشد گیاهی و محیط حاوی 1/0 میلی‌گرم در لیتر BAP در همه ریزنمونه­ها و در محیط حاوی 5 میلی‌گرم در لیتر 2,4-D در ریزنمونه هیپوکوتیل مشاهده شد. با افزایش غلظت تنظیم‎کننده­ رشد گیاهی 2,4-D رویان‎زایی کاهش یافت و در بین ریزنمونه­ها نوک شاخه و گره بالاترین درصد رویان­زایی را داشتند. در آزمایش بررسی اثر BAP در شاخه‎زایی ریزنمونه­ها، بیشترین میزان شاخه­زایی (100 درصد) در ریزنمونه گره و نوک شاخه در هر دو تیمار صفر و 1/0 میلی‎گرم در لیتر BAP به‎دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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