تأثیر تنش شوری بر خصوصیات ریختی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی پایه‌های نر و ماده شاهدانه (.Cannabis sativa L)

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناس ارشد گیاهان دارویی، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2022.358696.1419

چکیده

شاهدانه (.Cannabis sativa L) یکی از مهمترین گیاهان دارویی دوپایه است که در بیشتر کشورهای توسعه‌یافته دنیا مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد. این آزمایش، با هدف مقایسه مقاومت به شوری در پایه‌های نر و ماده شاهدانه، به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل براساس طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد که تیمارهای تنش شوری در چهار سطح (۰، ۵۰، ۷۵، ۱۰۰ میلی‌مولار) روی دو جنس نر و ماده با سه تکرار و در محیط گلخانه اجرا گردید. نتایج نشان داد که اثرمتقابل تنش شوری و جنس بر اجزای عملکرد گیاه، فنل ­کل، فعالیت آنتی­اکسیدانی، فلاونوئید کل، پرولین و قند کل در سطح احتمال یک ‌درصد معنی­دار بود. افزایش سطح شوری به‌طور معنی‌داری سبب کاهش ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد برگ، وزن تر و خشک گیاه در هر دو جنس گردید اما وزن ریشه، طول ریشه و تعداد گل عموماً در گیاه ماده افزایش پیدا کرد. همچنین افزایش سطح شوری به‌طور معنی‌داری سبب افزایش متابولیت‌های ثانویه از قبیل فنل، فلاونوئید، پرولین و قند در هر دو جنس نر و ماده شد. اما میزان آنتی‌اکسیدان با افزایش سطح شوری در جنس ماده افزایش و در جنس نر نسبت به شاهد کاهش نشان داد. نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم، به­عنوان یک شاخص متحمل به شوری در نظر گرفته شد و بیشترین نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم در پایه‌های ماده در سطح 75 و  100 میلی­مولار شوری به‌ترتیب در اندام هوایی و ریشه پایه ماده مشاهده شد. نتیجه گیری شد که گیاه ماده تا سطح ۷۵ میلی‌مولار شوری را تحمل می‌کند و در این سطح شوری، عملکرد و تولید زی‌توده در جنس ماده از مقادیر بالاتری برخوردار است ولی در تیمارهای شوری بالاتر از سطح ۷۵ میلی‌مولار، گیاه ماده از لحاظ شوری حساس‌تر از گیاه نر می‌باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

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