Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
2
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
3
Associate Professor, Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
4
Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Shahed university, Tehran, Iran
10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2024.365117.1458
Abstract
Extended Abstract
Background and Objectives:
Genetic diversity is crucial for plant breeding and results in natural evolution of the biological systems. Among various Aegilops species, Ae. tauschii is the primary wild relative of bread wheat, contributing the D genome to cultivated wheat. The objective of this research was to explore the allelic diversity of D genome microsatellite loci in 89 Ae. tauschii accession originated from various regions of Iran, Turkey, Afghanistan, Armenia, Sweden, and Azerbaijan and to evaluate the effectiveness of 32 pairs of mir-SSR microsatellite markers in segregating Ae. tauschii accessions for identification and use in germplasm management and breeding programs.
Methodology:
Seeds from 89 Ae. tauschii accessions were sown in pots, and DNA was extracted from young leaves using the CTAB method. Allelic amplification was performed using 32 pairs of mir-SSR microsatellite primers. Band patterns were scored based on the presence/absence of bands and allele sizes. Statistical analysis was conducted using GenAlex and NTSYS software.
Results:
From the 32 primer pairs studied, 31 pairs with suitable band patterns were selected, producing 104 alleles, of which 91 were polymorphic. The number of alleles per primer pairs, ranged from 2 to 5, with an average of 3.35 alleles per pair. The average percentage of polymorphism for the primers was 88.91%. The polymorphic information content (PIC) for different primer pairs ranged from 0.52 to 0.95, with an average of 0.81. Specific alleles were identified for each population, and 13 specific alleles were found in the 14 Ae. tauschii studied populations with the Mazandaran population showing the highest number of specific alleles. Cluster analysis grouped the accessions into five main clusters, although the 14 populations were not distinguishable.
Conclusion:
The results demonstrated the effectiveness of mir-SSR markers in detecting polymorphisms across the studied populations, revealing high genetic diversity and differentiation, particularly in the Mazandaran population. Cluster analysis indicated significant genetic mixing or similar geographical conditions among accessions in the same group. Overall, the mir-SSR markers used in this study exhibited high polymorphism and could distinguish populations and their allelic diversity. These markers are valuable tools for investigating genetic diversity in other breeding programs.
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