Path analysis of flower yield and its components in Iranian Rosa damascena genotypes

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

, associate professor, Research Division of Natural Resources, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Sanandaj,Iran

10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2023.360389.1426

Abstract

Extended Abstract
 
Background and objectives: 
Flower yield in Rosa damascena is a complex trait that is affected by many traits and environmental factors. Therefore, studying the relationships among traits can be an essential step in selection to improve flower yield. Path analysis by identifying the main components of yield with a high direct effect plays an important role in the selection success, especially indirect selections through yield components. Due to the lack of resources in this regard, the present research aims to identify and determine the effective traits in flower yield, estimate the relationships among traits, and analyze the causality to identify their direct and indirect effects on flower yield via path analysis.
 
Methodology:
The germplasm used in this research included 49 genotypes of Rosa damascena Mill.) belonging to different regions of Iran. One-year saplings of the genotypes were planted in April 2004 in the Zaleh research station, Sanandaj (Kurdistan province, Iran), based on the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and three plants in each plot with three meters of planting distance. Irrigation of the field was carried out in drip form for 15 days. The investigated morphological traits (plant height, number of flowers, etc.) in 2008 were measured on a 5-year old plant, and for the phenological traits (days until leaf opening, flower opening, etc.) the average of three years (2006 to 2008) was used. Data variance analysis was done based on RCBD design. Phenotypic correlation among traits was estimated, and path analysis was done in three steps of estimation of direct, indirect and residual effects of traits on flower yield.
 
Results:
The results showed significant differences (p≤0.01) among the genotypes for studying traits. The correlations of phonological traits with flower yield (FY) were significantly negative, while its relationships with morphological traits were significantly positive. The results of path analysis showed that the number of flowers per plant (FN) and fresh flower weight (with the direct effects of P=0.97** and P=0.33**, respectively, and residual effects of R=0.195) were the main components of flower yield. The total green surface of the plant (TGS) and plant crown diameter (with the direct effects of P=0.56** and P=0.28*, respectively, and R=0.395) were the main components of FN. Also, the number of leaves per plant and average leaf area (with the direct effects of P=1.02** and P=0.085*, respectively, and R=0.237) were the main components of TGS.
 
Conclusion:
Thus, FN and FFW can be used in indirect selections for FY improvement in Rosa damascena. The other studied traits affected FY indirectly via FN mainly (phonological traits negatively and morphological traits positively). Although the correlation of the height and crown diameter of the plant with FY was positive and very significant, the direct effects of the supplementary stages and the causality analysis sequence showed that the crown diameter (horizontal growth) is more effective than its height (vertical growth) in the reproductive processes of the rose. In other words, the genotypes with higher flower yield usually rise up to a certain height and spread leaves after that.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Babaei, A., Tabaei-Aghdaei, S. R., Khosh-khui, M., Omidbaigi, R., Naghavi, M. R., Esselink, G. D. & Smulders, M. J. M. 2007. Microsatellite analysis of Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) accessions from various regions in Iran reveals multiple genotypes. BMC-Plant Biology, 7, 12.
Chaugan, R. and Moghadam, M. 1994. Study of Correlation and path analysis of yield and its components in Soybean. Master thesis of Agricultural Faculty of Tabriz University. 75 p.
Chevallier, A.,1996. The encyclopedia of medicinal plants. Dorling Kindersely, London, pp 336.
Grafius, J.E. 1975. Components of yield in oats. A geometric interpretation. Agronomy Journal 49:419-423.
Dewy, D.R., and Lu, K.H., 1959. A correlation and path coefficient analysis of component of crested wheat grass seed production. Agronomy Journal 51: 515-518.
Haghi Kashani, A., Arab, M., Tabaei Aghdaei, S. R. and Zeinali, H. 2012. The relationship between flower yield and yield components in Damask Rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) in different region of Iran.. Journal of Crop Improvement 14 (1): 13-19.
Jaymand, K., Rezaei, M. B., Tabaei Aghdaei, S. R. & Barazandeh, M. M. 2004. Evaluation of rose essential oil of different areas of Isfahan province. Pajoohesh & Sazandagi 65, 86-91(in Persian).
Joarder, O.I., Ghose, S.K. and Salehuzzaman, M. 1978. Genotype environment interaction shown by yield and some of its components of Brassica campestris .Z. Pflanzenziichtg 81:257-284.
Lioyd, C., 1997. Damask roses on the rose garden .Wendy@ netlist.co.nz.:14
Kaffi, M. and Riazi, Y. 2002. Cultivation of Rosa damascena Mill. and rose water production. Ministry of Agricultural-Jihad pub. Tehran, Iran (in Persian).
Kazaz, S., Erbas, S. & Baydar, H. 2009. The effects of storage temperature and duration on essential oil content and composition oil Rose (Rosa damascena Mill.). Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 14, 89-96.
Kazemi, M., Tabaei Aghdaeil, S. R., Shaykholeslami, M.A. and Jafari, A.A., 2007. Evaluation of Variation of flower yield and its components of Rosa damascena Mill in Khuzestan climatic conditions. Iranian Journal of Forest and Rangeland Plants Genetic and Breeding, 15(4): 305-323 (In Persian).
Li, C.C. 1956. The concept of path coefficient and its impact on population genetics. Biometeric 12: 190-210.
Moghadam, M., 1995. Advanced plant breeding (Phd and Master student textbook). Agricultural Faculty of Tabriz University. 120 p (in Persian).
Nemati Lafmajani, Z., Tabaei Aghdaei, S. R., Lebaschi, M. H., Jafari, A. A., Najafi, Ashtiani, A. and Daneshkhah, M. 2012. Path analysis of Rosa damascena Mill. Performance under different conditions. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 27 (4):561-572.
Ody, P. 1995. The herb Society’s complete medicine herbal. Dorling Kindersley, London, pp. 192.
Rezaei, M. B., Jaymand, K., Tabaei Aghdaei, S. R., Barazandeh, M. M. & Meshki Zadeh, S. 2003. Study of essential oil quantity and quality of Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) of central and North West region of Iran. Iranian Journal Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research 19 (4): 339-348 (in Persian).
Sefidkon, F. 2017. The necessity of using cultivars and genotypes of Rosa damascena. Journal of Nature of Iran 3(4): 88 (in Persian).
Singh, S.P. Kayiyar, R.S., 2001. Correlation and path analysis for flower yield in rosa damascena. Mill. Herb, Spices and Medicinal plants 8(1): 43-51.
Tabaei Aghdaei, S, R., Rezaei, M.B. & Jaymand, K. 2002. Evaluation of variation of flower yield in the Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) genotypes of Kashan (Iran). Iranian Journal of Forest and Rangeland Plants Genetic and Breeding 9: 99-111 (in Persian).
Tabaei Aghdaei, S. R. Farhangian, S. & Jafari, A. A. 2005. Yield components in genotypes of Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) Central regions of the country using path analysis. Iranian journal Specialized plants and ecology 1: 45-54 (in Persian).
Tabaei Aghdaei, S. R. Kazemi, M. and Jafari, A. A. 2012. Quantitative and qualitative traits associations in Rosa damascena under the climatic conditions of Khuzistan, Iran. Ecological Agriculture Journal 3(1):83-95 (In Persian).
Vaezi. Sh., Abd-Mishani, C., Yazdi-Samadi, B. and Ghannadha, M. R., 2000. Correlation and path analysis of grain yield and its components in Maize. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Science 31 (1): 71-83 (In Persian).
Yousefi, B., Kazemi arbat, H., Rahim Zadeh Khoei, F. and Moghadam, M. 1996. Evaluation of genetic variation of Cicer arietinum cultivars under two irrigation levels and path analysis of agronomic traits. Master thesis of Agricultural Faculty of Tabriz University. 112 p (in Persian).
Yousefi, B., Tabaei-Aghdaei, S.R. & Assareh, M.H., 2009a. Evaluation of genetic variation and correlation of morphological and phonological characteristics and their effects on flower yield of Rosa damascena Mill accessions in Kurdistan. Final report of Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands (RIFR), No: 5064 (in Persian).
Yousefi, B., Tabaei-Aghdaei, S. R., Darvish F. & Assareh, M. H., 2009b. Flower yield performance and stability of various Rosa damascena Mill. Landraces under different ecological conditions. Scientia Horticulturae 121: 333–339.
Zeinali, H., Tabaei aqdaei, S. R., Askarzadeh, M., Kianipour, A. & Abtahi, S. M., 2007. Study the relationship between yield and flower yield components in genotypes of Rosa damascena Mill., Science-Research Periodical of fragrant and medicinal herbs in Iran, 23(2): 195-203 (in Persian).

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics